Ottoman Sultans

The Ottoman Empire spanned more than six centuries, from its beginnings as a small principality in Anatolia to becoming one of the greatest empires in history. Its sultans left their mark on politics, the military, and the arts, and their reigns were marked by major conquests, administrative reforms, and internal and external challenges. Studying the Ottoman sultans reveals how the empire was shaped and how each sultan’s rule influenced its historical trajectory.

The Ottoman Sultans

Selim I: (1512-1520)

Sultan Selim brought about a significant transformation during his reign, filling the power vacuum and extending his influence into the Arab East, including areas with low birth rates. Among his most notable achievements was his battle against the Safavids at the Battle of Chaldiran in 1514. He also expanded the Ottoman Empire, conquering Egypt and the Levant, and eliminating the Mamluks between 1516 and 1517. He awaited the caliphate of the 1580s, and Selim was considered the most deserving of the position due to his significant contributions to the 1580s.

Suleiman the Magnificent: (1520-1566)

Selim II: (1566-1574)

Murad III: (1574-1595)

Mehmed III: (1595-1603)

Ahmed I: (1603-1617)

Mustafa I: (1617-1618) First Reign

Osman II: (1618-1622)

Mustafa I: (1622-1623) Second Reign

Murad IV: (1623-1640)

Ibrahim I: (1640-1648)

Mehmed IV: (1648-1687)

Suleiman II: (1687-1691)

Ahmed II:  (1691-1695)

Mustafa II: (1695-1703)

Ahmed III: (1703-1730)

Mahmud I: (1730-1754)

Osman III: (1754-1757)

Mustafa III: (1757-1774)

Abdul Hamid I: (1774-1789)

Selim III: (1789-1807)

Mustafa IV: (1807-1808)

Mahmud II: (1808-1839)

Abdulmejid I: (1839-1861)

Abdulaziz I: (1861-1876)

Murad V: (1876)

Abdul Hamid II: (1876-1909)

Mehmed V:  (1909-1918