Mustafa Kemal was born in 1881 in Salonika and rose through the ranks of the military to become a prominent commander during World War I. After the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, he led the War of Independence and founded the Republic of Turkey in 1923, initiating a period of comprehensive reforms that transformed the country.
نُشر فيIstanbul Heritage | Suad Al-Saati Digital Platform

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

Mustafa Kemal was born in 1881 in Salonika and rose through the ranks of the military to become a prominent commander during World War I. After the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, he led the War of Independence and founded the Republic of Turkey in 1923, initiating a period of comprehensive reforms that transformed the country.
Istanbul Heritage | Suad Al-Saati
نُشر فيIstanbul Heritage | Suad Al-Saati Digital Platform

The heart of the market

The Grand Bazaar in Istanbul stands as one of the world’s most vibrant and historic markets—a place where memories linger long after the visit ends. With more than 2,500 shops spread across 60 lively streets, and a workforce of nearly 26,000 people, it remains a cultural landmark that draws visitors from every corner of the globe.