Mustafa Kemal was born in 1881 in Salonika and rose through the ranks of the military to become a prominent commander during World War I. After the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, he led the War of Independence and founded the Republic of Turkey in 1923, initiating a period of comprehensive reforms that transformed the country.

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

Mustafa Kemal was born in 1881 in Salonika and rose through the ranks of the military to become a prominent commander during World War I. After the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, he led the War of Independence and founded the Republic of Turkey in 1923, initiating a period of comprehensive reforms that transformed the country.